Lets level the playing field for SAT prep

Let’s level the playing field for SAT prep From founder Sal Khan: I’m excited to share some very important news: The College Board just announced that they’re redesigning the SAT for 2016, and we’re partnering with them to make free, world-class prep materials. Our goal is nothing short of leveling the playing field, and we intend, with the deep expertise of the College Board behind us, to make the very best preparation for the SAT. This will be far more than just videos; it will be sophisticated, interactive software to give students deep practice and diagnose their gaps. This means that for the first time ever, all students who want to go to college can prepare for the SAT at their own pace, at absolutely no cost. Unlike other test prep, the resources on Khan Academy will be developed through a close collaboration with the authors of the SAT themselves. With this partnership, our goal is to ensure that students have a deep grasp of underlying fundamentals so they can succeed on the SAT, in college, and beyond.       I recently chatted with David Coleman, CEO of the College Board, about why they redesigned the SAT and decided to work with Khan Academy to make prep materials open and free. Check out our conversation and other information about the partnership: www.khanacademy.org/sat. What does this mean? By spring 2015, you’ll have access to state-of-the-art learning toolsexercises, software diagnostics and videosdesigned by Khan Academy and College Board specifically for the redesigned SAT. Stay tuned. In the meantime, if you are taking the SAT in 2014/15, you can start practicing today with hundreds of unreleased Math, Reading, and Writing questions from real SATs and more than 200 videos that show step-by-step solutions to each question. Onward!-Sal

Lets level the playing field for SAT prep

Let’s level the playing field for SAT prep From founder Sal Khan: I’m excited to share some very important news: The College Board just announced that they’re redesigning the SAT for 2016, and we’re partnering with them to make free, world-class prep materials. Our goal is nothing short of leveling the playing field, and we intend, with the deep expertise of the College Board behind us, to make the very best preparation for the SAT. This will be far more than just videos; it will be sophisticated, interactive software to give students deep practice and diagnose their gaps. This means that for the first time ever, all students who want to go to college can prepare for the SAT at their own pace, at absolutely no cost. Unlike other test prep, the resources on Khan Academy will be developed through a close collaboration with the authors of the SAT themselves. With this partnership, our goal is to ensure that students have a deep grasp of underlying fundamentals so they can succeed on the SAT, in college, and beyond.       I recently chatted with David Coleman, CEO of the College Board, about why they redesigned the SAT and decided to work with Khan Academy to make prep materials open and free. Check out our conversation and other information about the partnership: www.khanacademy.org/sat. What does this mean? By spring 2015, you’ll have access to state-of-the-art learning toolsexercises, software diagnostics and videosdesigned by Khan Academy and College Board specifically for the redesigned SAT. Stay tuned. In the meantime, if you are taking the SAT in 2014/15, you can start practicing today with hundreds of unreleased Math, Reading, and Writing questions from real SATs and more than 200 videos that show step-by-step solutions to each question. Onward!-Sal

Middle Childhood Play Free Essay Example, 1250 words

His system of choosing two teams went something like this, ‘he put the other kids on a straight line and had them go on opposite sides, and he would join the team that had few players. ’ This was a clear indication that children applied concrete operational thinking or thought in their everyday living. Joshua was able to logically assess the situation and derive a solution that saw ethnicity and brotherhood being reduced and promote fairness (Santrock, 2003, p. 354). More so, children are never asked to exercise regularly, but with each passing year an increased number of kids engage themselves in sports both in public and private schools (Santrock, 2003, p. 330). Participation in sports has had both negative and positive implications on children’s lives. It provides them with exercise, and boosts their self-esteem; help them create a healthy relationship with their peers. Persistence and would also help them learn how be competitive, Joshua was the fastest of th e all and he would constantly boast about it. Sports enables a child evade the delicate issue of being obese. Obesity is a serious issue not only in the United States, but around the globe as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Middle Childhood Play or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Obese children often feel insecure and cannot engage in the normal day to day activities like their peers (Santrock, 2003, p. 331). Joshua had a pal that was overweight, and he could not get in the field because of his body physic. Every child wants to be something or someone when they grow up. Joshua occasionally referred to himself as Cristiano Ronaldo (Real Madrid’s striker). Conformity is a monumental issue in the development of every child. Wanting to be someone else for Joshua helped him set goals for himself and him get good in soccer. Social comparison is, therefore, important in the development of a kid. However, discipline is another key step in early childhood development. The existence of discipline is closely linked with the ability of a child being able to control his or her emotions. Joshua towards the end was tripped by an opponent but, he was able to show composure and did not fight back. Joshua pointed out that his father always told him that it was wrong to throw punches, this, was quite intelligent of Joshua, who knows what could have happened? Intelligently he was able to solve that matter without bloodshed and hurting. Social cognition is thereby an important aspect of development, understanding this matter in their peers helps strengthen relationship, hence, reducing bullying (Santrock, 2003, p.

Criminal Justice Policy in Texas - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2494 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Criminal Justice Essay Did you like this example? Introduction The United States is a federal system made of many states that enjoy significant autonomy. For instance, all states have independent tax systems, health care policies, and criminal justice doctrines. All states design their laws to ensure conformity and agreement with the provisions of the federal law. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Criminal Justice Policy in Texas" essay for you Create order This paper will investigate Texas as far as criminal justice policy is concerned. The choice for criminal justice attributes to the fact that it is a broad area of law that has faced severe controversies in the United States. The investigation will also target Massachusetts’ case with the same policy area. The reason for choosing the two states attributes to the fact they reformed their approaches to the policy areas in the recent time. The comparison of policies with the same timeline may be reasonable than if choosing another state that has not changed its laws for many years. The choice of the two states was also necessary for deducing an understanding of the conservative aspects of the societies as far as the criminal justice system is concerned. It is worth noting that Democrats control the Massachusetts legislature while Republicans dominate the Texan politics. As such, it is expectable that most of the reforms may reflect the political leanings of the individual states. With the recent controversies in the criminal justice systems, it is expectable that the recent reforms may reflect a lot of issues covered by the federal system. This element of near similarities may ease comparison and lead to the identification of the differences and the impacts of changes. However, the fact that the two states just reformed their policies in the criminal justice system, there may be no significant impacts. Most of the effects of the changes to the justice system may be by inferences and assumptions. In the end, there will be suggestions on the necessary improvements on the Texan law to achieve the necessary gains. The suggestions will reflect the status of Massachusetts’ policies. Explanation of criminal justice policy in Massachusetts In 2018, Massachusetts state had the governor signed various laws intended to cut the rate of incarceration. The 121 pages bill has multiple policies that will divert many people to programming and treatment. The bill also seeks to improve the conditions of prisons. It also intends to support convicts to move with life after conviction. According to the Governor of the state, the bill requires $40 million in 2019 to facilitate the hiring of staff and buying of equipment as well as software to fulfill the goals (Murphy n.p). The new statute eliminates many mandatory sentencings of individuals with minor drug offenses. It creates a procedure for the expungement of records of youths and juveniles incarcerated for crimes that are no longer illegal like possession of marijuana (Schoenberg n.p). Another fascinating thing with the bill is that it increases the least age of criminal accountability from seven to twelve years. Only juvenile delinquents aged 12 years and above can face trial in children courts. It also decriminalizes some minor crimes committed by juveniles. The new bill also recognizes the socioeconomic differences in the communities. As such, the bill advocates for the examination of a person’s ability to pay before issuing a fine or a fee. In the early system, low-income and needy people convicted for crimes could not leave jail before trial because of the inability to pay bails. Additionally, the statute raises the threshold for considering theft as a felony. Murphy discusses that the r eformed law also increases the threshold for considering theft as a burglary to $1200 from $250 (n.p). Moreover, the recently signed code pushes for increased humane conditions for prisoners in solitary cells. The new law increases and strengthens penalties for individuals implicated for trafficking opioids like carfentanil and fentanyl and repeated drunk driving. Nonetheless, the same law repeals many mandatory minimum convictions for low-level offenses involving drugs. The Massachusetts Governor Baker also signed another bill that developed from the examination of reoffending in the state (Murphy n.p). The statute improves the programming present in jails and prisons, fosters community oversight, and improved behavioral health facilities and resources. Another remarkable aspect of the law is the intention to divert youthful offenders and individuals with mental health problems or addiction from undergoing court procedures. The diversion program ought to serve as an alternative to jail terms. The program will also allow judges to apply discretion to enable offenders to execute community service or relevant programs before arraignment in courts. Once someone completes the assigned program, criminal records for the given charge cease to exist. After reading the proposed bills, Governor Baker introduced recommendations that intended to improve the new statutes. One of the changes purposed to allow agencies responsible for licensing childcare providers and firearms reach to sealed records of crimes. Levin reports that the changes would also prevent some crimes affecting children from dismissal over prosecutors’ objection (n.p). Additionally, the changes by Baker would extend the mandatory suspension of license for homicides involving motor vehicles to 15 years instead of 10 years. Before Baker’s review proposals, the bill forbade guardians from testifying against their children. The new law will end the incarceration cycle, enhance victims’ support, and terminate criminalization because of poverty. Individuals convicted of minor crimes before the twenty-first birthday now have the opportunities to seal the records permanently if they did not commit other offenses. In the past, juvenile records could follow a person into adulthood and threatened the chances of the individuals to get jobs and housing opportunities. The new statute in Massachusetts introduces mandates on data-collection and record-keeping to ensure accurate tracking of arrests, incarceration, and reoffending rates. The goal of the new tracking measures is partly to determine ethnic and racial disparities (Schoenberg n.p). There are also directions for the training of law enforcement agents to avoid ethnic and racial profiling, establish trust in their respective communities, and ensure care during interaction with mentally ill individuals. The law also directs for the submission of all untested rape kits with cases of reported sexual assault for â€Å"testing within 180 days.† The new legal amendments establish prohibitions on the segregation and application of â€Å"solitary confinements† in the Massachusetts prison system. Individuals in isolated cells are subject to periodic hearings for determining the efficacy of continued isolation. The statute also intends to prohibit the placement of pregnant women and juv eniles in separate systems. There is also a provision that permits compassionate medical freedom for inmates without safety risks to the community. The rule will allow the transfer of terminally ill and elderly inmates to cheaper care. Explanation of the criminal justice policy in Texas In 2017, the Texas legislature embarked on measures to reform the criminal justice system with the intention of enhancing the safety of civilians, redeeming lives, and protecting taxpayers. For a long time, the State used the concept of debtors’ prison to lock people incapable of paying fines. This practice remained rampant in Texas, and the prison population increased significantly. However, in September 2017, the States’ Governor Greg Abbott approved two bills namely, â€Å"House Bill 351† and â€Å"Senate Bill 1913† that intended to terminate the application of debtors’ prisons. The two bills charged the state courts to issue an alternative to jail for individual’s incapable of paying fees and fines like traffic tickets and the Class C offenses that lack a possible prison sentence (Levin n.p). The reforms also instruct courts to provide community service and payment plans as well as reduce fine to match the income of individual offenders. Texas legislatures also expanded the â€Å"second chance† law of 2015 that established a ceiling for imprisonment. The law covered nonviolent minor sentences other than the first-time DWI. The 2017 reform incorporates the first-time DWI and nullifies the 2015 law as retroactive (Silver n.p). The new statute allows many people with single convictions from the past decades to sanctify their names. This bill relies on the research findings that individuals, who have served communities without recidivism for many years are unlikely to re-offend. In such cases, the â€Å"scarlet letter of a criminal record† bars them from employment and housing opportunities, which worsens safety outcomes while compromising economic productivity. The policymakers in Texas also undertook policy reforms in the criminal justice to reduce the rate of wrongful convictions by passing the HB34, which guide in handling jailhouse informants. Silver demonstrates that some jailed persons concoct stories concerning other people alleged to commit crimes in exchange for better deals in own cases (n.p). The trend has been one of the contributors towards an increase in wrongful convictions in the state. The new legislation (HB34) mandates prosecutors to monitor the application of jailhouse informants. The law also demands that prosecutors should share information of benefits offered to jailhouse informants in exchange of information with the judge, jury, and the defense. The legislature of Texas also changed the state’s jail system formed in 1993 to tackle nonviolent criminals like those sentenced for carrying below a gram of illicit drugs (Levin n.p). Such offenders have a recidivism rate of 60% and research has demonstrated that better outcomes are possible with local programs, which can hold nonviolent criminals accountable while receiving addiction treatment. The series of policy reforms in Texas has been responsible for the significant decrease in the rates of crime since 1967. Consequently, the state has shut eight prisons within the past seven years. In 2017, the lawmakers in Texas realized the need to improve public safety by creating laws that protect the police and civilians altogether. The step follows an increase in hate crimes against the police that has complicated the operations of the law enforcement workers (Levin n.p). One of the undertakings in the policy reforms is the equipping of police with sturdy bulletproof vests. The lawmakers also intend to approve laws that recognize the police as a protected group. The issue of police protection gained momentum in 2017 after an attack in Dallas that led to the death of five officers. (Silver n.p) Some legislatures intend to advocate that citizens finance the proposed bulletproof vests for patrol officers. The law also promotes for the treatment of attacks on police as hate crimes. The approval of the law on police protection will classify attacks on law enforcers with hate crimes perpetrated alongside religion, race, color, nationality, ancestry, sexual orientation, disabili ty. There is the â€Å"Senate Bill 273† proposed by Senator John Whitmire that would require the teaching of ninth graders about their responsibilities, rights, and proper behaviors among law enforcement agents and civilians. Another â€Å"Senate Bill 202† sponsored by Senator Royce West would require the police to learn together with juveniles about aspects of a criminal offense (Silver n.p). The goal of the program is to reduce police confrontations with youths and help in lowering the rate of juvenile incarceration. The bill by Royce also proposes that the driver’s handbooks and the part of written exams feature questions on encounter strategies with the police. Comparison and recommendations The criminal justice policies for Texas and Massachusetts States are similar and different in various ways. The two states are currently using new procedures as Texas approved reforms in 2017 while Massachusetts adopted the changes in April 2018. The first notable similarity between the two territories is the adoption of structures that encourage the examination of convicts to ensure that they receive light bails (Silver n.p; Murphy n.p). The two system mandates the court to run background checks on offenders before quoting binds. The overall goal of the plan is to avoid locking needy individuals because of their incapacity to pay for their freedom. The two systems also approve the use of alternative incarceration measures like community service and treatment of offenders. Another crucial similarity between the Massachusetts and Texas system concerns the provision that allows individuals to erase their early criminal records if they have no recent encounters with the law. With the reforms, people can enjoy relief from crimes committed in adolescence. The two systems recognize that such measures help the offenders to find jobs and accessible housing opportunities. The criminal justice policies of Texas and Massachusetts are also similar as far the goal to reduce mandatory minimum imprisonment is concerned (Silver n.p; Schoenberg n.p). in both states, the target to reduce minimum compulsory incarceration focus on minor drug offenses. For instance, the Texan law relieves individuals with marijuana below one gram from mandatory principles. The Texan and Massachusetts criminal justice policies advocate for training programs for the police agents to increase relationship with the public (Levin n.p; Murphy n.p). However, the approach to the training is somewhat different. The Texan reforms require that the police train in the same class with juveniles to create an understanding of responsibilities during the interaction. The goal of the training is to reduce the rate of incarcerated youths. Massachusetts’ training proposal intends to educate the security officers of manners to relate with people and avoid race and ethnic-based profiling. One of the differences between the criminal justice policies of Texas and Massachusetts concerns the issues of wrongful conviction. The Texas system has established measures to reduce wrongful convictions by increasing the responsibilities of prosecutors when grilling jailed informants (Levin n.p). In many cases, prosecutors and detained informants create terms of the corporation in investigating other people. The terms usually carry favorable conditions for the jailed information. As such, there is typically the tendency of informants giving false information that lead to wrongful convictions. Massachusetts lacks such provisions intended to reduce wrongful incarcerations. Another area of distinction between the criminal justice policies applied in Massachusetts and Texas concern the safety of the police officers. The Texan reforms recognize that police officers are facing increasing vulnerability to hate crimes (Silver n.p). This understanding followed a series of attacks on law enforcement officers. In 2017, Texas lost five officers to hate crime attackers (Levin n.p). With the intention to improve police safety, there is a clause in the reform that seeks to buy sturdy bulletproof vests for the police agents. Massachusetts has no law advocating for such direct investment in police safety. From the comparison of the two policies on criminal justice, some can deduce some recommendations to improve the Texan case. First, it is essential for Texas to emulate the steps by Massachusetts to increase the age of juvenile responsibility for crimes. The undertaking can foster measures to reduce the rate of incarcerating children. Another recommendation is for Texas to clarify the actions it can take regarding the handling of hard opioid drugs. Massachusetts is clear about the legislation and increases punishments for the individual caught with opioids and synthetic substances. The step may help the Texan administration in reducing backlash with civil rights movements that may demand equal treatment of individuals caught with marijuana and opioids. The Texan legislatures should emulate Massachusetts’ system that calls for strict background checks by firearm licensing agency on individuals wanting to acquire guns. The move can help in reducing instances of violent gun crime s.

The Confidential Secrets of James Thurber Catbird Seat Essay Topics Revealed

The Confidential Secrets of James Thurber Catbird Seat Essay Topics Revealed Teenage mothers are more inclined to deliver a baby with a very low birth. Secondary college understudies decide their companions for assorted reasons, and a few of their decisions could lead to constructive and unfavourable impacts. Teenage pregnancy is certainly one of such topics that is very. In the united kingdom, teenage pregnancy is widely deemed to be an issue and negative. The Southbury Training School was thought of as a model for care of this kind, with its decentralized residential strategy. The intention of this study was to figure out the relationship of self-esteem. Such a terrific and intimate experience. He's figured out another program. They also proactively look for favorable changes in government policy for their customers. For some individuals in this way in Connecticut, it's their parents, often aging and increasingly hopeless, that are made to take care of them. There's a community here, and it's well worth cultivating. He's talking about specific rules which should be followed. That arbitrary prohibition ought to be lifted. No, on account of the law which requires faith. The Inclusion movement claims that each and every person who has a disability can function locally. James Thurber Catbird Seat Essay Topics Features On the surface the dream is saying that I haven't any present method of transportation and it'll take me considerably more time to get to the next place I wish to go. After all, there's a reason our brains store memories. It is all up to him to acquire his menthrough the turmoil safely. An incredible listing of completely free essays is a fantastic bonus of this internet site. This expert-written article supplies a selection of impressive research undertaking. Because of the transient character of Internet sites, these links are updated regularly. In case the content is passable, then you may use the entire essay. James Thurber Catbird Seat Essay Topics - the Conspiracy While I didn't adore each bite of each and every dish, I did love the whole experience. The thing that struck me about the entire night was, regardless of the high amount of pretension of a number of the food and plateware choices, the entire thing was really chill. They paid and left without eating the remaining portion of the meal. The blood sausage on the opposite hand. The entire dining experience is incredible. Allow me to say, all chips ought to be dipped inside this stuff. I also really liked the different varieties of plates which were used, especially the pottery utilized for the saki tasting. The experience for a whole is wonderful. Essay writing is our key specialization. Rules alone haven't been adequate for quite a while. Reading example essays works precisely the same way! Historical context is critical. The author utilizes a creative writing style to try to catch his audience's attention throughout the full essay. I am able to testify to the experiences and the so-called accommodations the writer is writing about. From one's very first nursery rhyme book to someone's later fictional novel, it is rather simple to say that everybody has arrived across many characters among their years. The writer is disabled himself. New Questions About James Thurber Catbird Seat Essay Topics On the way from the arena, I realized this would be my very last time experiencing a hockey game for the very first time. You're treated like you're definitely the most important person in the room no matter the other 20 people sitting there. I hope your students are not that scared to finish this assignment. It books up fast, so attempt to earn your reservation a minimum of 30 days beforehand. It's a different type of experience which you wouldn't want daily. Every individual has opinions about how to enhance the Earth, though nobody wishes to practice kindness in their very own backyard. I would like to have a relationship with the men and women that are coming to my show. Getting the Best James Thurber Catbird Seat Essay Topics Johnny Bear and Mr. Martin also conduct something harmful to some other character. He replies that he has no idea what she is going on about. He believes she is threatening the existence of the firm. Furthermore, he is not merely the nerdy, precise man he is perceived as. The organic world has ever existed, whether or not you're paying attention. It supplies the kitchen an additional opportunity to shine. Anybody coming in will truly feel a feeling of community. I used ton't understand what I wished to do I just knew that I wished to attend a terrific college and figured I would figure it out there and I did.

Climate Change and World Food Supply Essay Example For Students

Climate Change and World Food Supply Essay The world needs to think of how the climate is changing the food supply of the earth. The climate is doing some really bad things to the earth. The atmosphere is also not in good shape because of climate change. Humans now need to think of how climate change is affecting people. Climate change is affecting the food supply of the world. The climate change is rapidly affecting the earth. The Greenhouse gases are what is really messing up are world food supply and what is messing up our earth. Global Warming is causing concerns because of its high content in the atmosphere already. Because of global warming the earth is going down hill fast. We the people need to step up and take part in the fight against greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are what are leading to climate change, and climate change is what is leading to the depletion of the world food supply. Because of rising greenhouse gases, by the year 2060 the temperature will rise 12 degrees (Pittock 1). We have to use more fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizers. Natural fertilizers arent harmful to the environment. Scientists think that if we are lucky the populations will only double in the next 66 years (Roach 3). Although we will still have to increase the Wicker Page 3 demand for food. Between 1989 and 1990 the crops increased by 60 percent (Pittock 4). Between these two years we have increased farm machinery by 4.7 times what it was before (Pittock 4). And we gave increased electricity by 5.1 times what it was before (Pittock 4). The climate change is affecting our atmosphere and a lot of people dont know that. There are lots of pollutants in the atmosphere but the two that are important in global warming and climate change are carbon dioxide and CFCs. Between those two, carbon dioxide ranks number one pollutant in the atmosphere. CFCs are bad too, but not nearly as bad as carbon dioxide. CFCs quicken global warming (Weier 1). Greenhouse gases consist of carbon dioxide mainly and that is why we need to get rid of greenhouse gases all together. Believe it or not climate change affects people too. Global warming and pollution affects peoples breathing. Lately people with asthma have had a hard tine breathing because of global warming and pollution. Doctors have had more asthma patients in this year then in any year (Weier 2). So now what do you people think of global warming and pollution? The green revolution was largely based on increased energy in the form of irrigation, mechanization, fertilizers, and pesticides. Wicker Page 4 So far the production yields in crops are negative in the low latitude countries because of climate change. Natural fertilizer helps crops by 22 percent where as chemical fertilizers help a little better than that but they are harmful to the soil. Climate change can affect rainfall intensity, weather extremes, pests, and diseases. Studies have shown that Sub Saharan Africa will get the worst of global climate change and pollution. Also studies show that food production will have to grow 2 percent every year to sustain the food supply (Roach 1). Scientists state that this is possible. The world food supply is changing and the population needs to think about how to stop this from happening. Changing climate is changing our earth. As the climate is changing so is the world food supply. There is a high content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. People need to use natural fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers. We need to increase the demand for food. Climate change affects people too. The Green Revolution was based on the mechanics of farming. Climate change affects weather patterns too. Evolution of Forensic Psychology 300 level undergr Essay Food production must increase 2 percent ever year to keep up with the population of the world. Works Cited Pittock, A. Barrie. Climate Change and World Food Supply: special issues on environmental change and food policy. 26 Oct. 1999: Internet. 10 Oct. 1999. Available WWW: http://www.elibrary.com. Roach, John. Factory farms come under scrutiny. 26 Oct. 1999: Internet. 10 Oct. 1999. Available WWW: http://www. enn.com/enn-news- archive/1999/09/092099/ffarm_5740.asp. Weier, John. Every Cloud has a Filthy Lining. 26 Oct. 1999: Internet. 10 Oct. 1999. Available WWW: http://www.earthobservatory.nasa. gov/study/. .

Why African Americans Choose Democratic Party an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Why African Americans Choose Democratic Party by Expert Prof Akunga | 26 Jul 2016 Every major political party adopts a set of government programs. These programs contain details about how their candidates intend to run the affairs of the government once elected. Nowadays political parties say very little about their ideologies and principles on a particular issue but they give more emphasis on their proposed solutions to problems that concern the voters. Need essay sample on "Why African Americans Choose Democratic Party" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed It is these programs of government that the voters use as the basis for choosing a candidate or political party. Voters tend to identify themselves with these programs and the political parties not only attract their attention but also their loyalty. Political parties often rely on these platforms to win elections and to appeal to a number of voters including the minorities. These platforms of government may involve passage of laws that will help generate more jobs, or ensure equality between the blacks and whites or protect civil rights. It is these programs of government that the Democratic Party used to attract its voters, particularly African Americans. Though historically speaking, the African Americans favored the Republican Party over the Democratic Party certain events in our history have caused the African American voters to shift their allegiance from Republicans to the Democrats. The African Americans who once identified themselves as the Republicans decided that the Democrats can serve them better and can give them better protection for their rights and can promote their ideals and aspirations as a race. Indeed they thought that though the Democratic Party may not be perfect, considering its track record it is still the best vehicle for Black political participation, representation, and empowerment. (Donna Brazile, 2006) Our Customers Frequently Tell EssayLab writers:I'm not in the mood to write my paper. Because I want to spend time with my familyEssay writers suggest: Get The Best Writing Essays Ever In TimeEssay Company Review College Papers Online Cheap Custom Essays Cheap Essays Within Hours This Research Paper aims to search and explain the possible reasons why the African Americans developed a habit of voting in favor of the Republicans during the early part of 19th Century. This research paper will also find out and explain why there was a change in the habit and shift of loyalty on the part of African-American voters from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party. This research paper also aims to find out whether in the near future the Democrats will continue to maintain the allegiance and win the support of the African American voters. African Americans Allegiance to Republican Party History will show that as a race, the African Americans were discriminated against by the whites. The whites were infatuated with the idea of their racial superiority over the African Americans. Because of these ideas of superiority, there was nothing unusual about the white employees being preferred over the blacks. They were denied the right to vote. Slavery was tolerated as a social practice. In fact, in those times the social status of a person was measured in terms of the number of African American slaves he had. The more slaves he had the higher his social status was. There was nothing extraordinary about the passage of laws providing for the separation of the blacks and whites in the use of public facilities. In the landmark ruling in Plessy v. Fergusson, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the constitutionality of a law that required segregation of blacks and whites in the use of public utilities. It declared that so long as each race was given its own facilities then there is no discrimination pursuant to the Separate but Equal doctrine. The societys toleration for discrimination was affirmed by Anthony J. Badger in Different Perspective on the Civil Rights Movement, to wit: In 1984 Jimmy Carter reflected on growing up in the segregated South. He recalled that as a young child, he, like many white children, had had an African American child as his closest friend. The two children spent all their play time together. One day they traveled on the train from Plains to Americus. Carter went into one compartment; his young friend went into another. What struck Carter in retrospect was not that the facilities had been segregated, but that, at the time, he had not thought anything about it. Anthony J. Badger It was because of this situation that the African Americans felt that they needed assistance from the government. They needed someone that will represent their interest in the government. They wanted candidates who are willing to make the necessary changes in the government and who are willing to fight and protect their rights. The Republican Party filled this important shoe for them. It was considered as the champion of the African Americans. Since the later part of the 19th Century until the early part of the 20th Century, the Republican Party earned their solid vote. It was because of their solid support that they won in the elections. It is stated that between 1860 and 1912, Republicans won every presidential election except for two. Northerners overwhelmingly supported the Republican Party. In the South, a majority of African Americans supported the Republican Party, while only a small percentage of whites did so. (Republican Party) The Republican Party earned the loyalty of the African Americans not only because of the significant efforts they made in giving the African Americans equal rights but because of the perception of a large number of African Americans that the Democrats were anti-African Americans. Abraham Lincoln, a Republican, was considered as the Great Emancipator. He passed several laws that aimed to fight for the rights of the African American. The Republicans were also responsible for the enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1866. During the term of Ulysses Grant, another Republican, the Fifteenth Amendment was also ratified which granted the right to vote to every male citizen regardless of his age, race, color or previous condition of servitude. It is because of these laws passed by the Republicans that they earned the loyalty of African Americans. It is because of these reasons that the African Americans developed a habit of voting in favor of the Republican Party. On the other hand, the perception of the African Americans toward the Democrats during those times was that they were anti-African Americans. They tolerated slavery and wanted to retain it. They were also perceived to be responsible for the passage of several Jim Crow Laws. One example of Jim Crow Law is the law passed in Texas which required the separation in the use of public facilities between the white and the black. African Americans shift of allegiance to Democratic Party In the middle part of the 20th Century, the relationship between the Republican Party and the African Americans, however, turned sour. The Great Depression which struck the nation had more serious effects for the African Americans. They lost their jobs and had nothing to feed their family. They blamed the past Republican Presidents who did nothing to provide a solution to their economic problems. They felt that the government failed to address their needs quickly and efficiently. The habit in favor of the Republican Party was lost and the African Americans wanted to look for better alternatives. On the other hand, a Democratic candidate, Franklin D. Roosevelt was very active in trying to find a solution to the Great Depression. Because of his efforts, he won a landslide victory in the 1932 presidential elections. He was also the only person to be elected four times to the presidency. Franklin D. Roosevelt wanted major reforms in the treatment of African Americans. He came up with massive programs, such as the New Deal, which helped the African Americans cope with the economic crisis they experienced. He focused on relief of unemployment and rural distress, recovery of the economy and the long-term structural reforms to prevent a repetition of the Depression. (Democratic Party) Between 1932 and 1980, the Republicans won only four presidential elections and enjoyed a majority in the United States Congress for only four years. (Republican Party). During his first few days as American President, Roosevelt passed the following laws, the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) that included the Public Works Administration (PWA), and the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). Although these laws had nothing to do with the civil rights of African Americans and had no connection with furthering their interests, these legislations earned the support of the African Americans because the president sought to ensure that the every American including the African Americans received the aid from the government. (Sue Pennington) Efforts were made to ensure that there was no discrimination in the distribution of assistance and that everyone had their fair share regardless of their color. T his intention to ensure that the programs are implemented fairly represented a drastic change for the African Americans. For the first time, there was a Democrat who treated them equally and fairly. This signaled the beginning of the shift of allegiance of the African Americans from Republican to the Democratic Party. In addition, despite the perceptions against the Democrats, Franklin Roosevelt endeared himself to the African Americans not only because of his programs but also because of his treatment and attitude toward the African Americans. He, together with his wife, were often publicly seen and photographed with African-Americans. (Sue Pennington) This was rather unusual considering that the no president before him had done the same. He also appointed more African American to high federal positions. He also created the first Black Cabinet which served as the advisor of Roosevelt in the implementation of his programs and policies. The Black Cabinet had two major tasks: to ensure that African Americans had jobs in government agencies the Cabinet represented African Americans working from within the structure of the government. Aside from the programs and policies of Democrats, there were controversies involving Republicans which contributed to the strained relationship between the Republicans and the African Americans.The Republican Richard Nixon hurt the image of his political party by becoming involved in the Watergate Scandal. Nixon denied his involvement in the scandal but when faced with impeachment, he was forced to resign. The Future of Democratic Party In politics, there are no permanent friends or no permanent enemies but only permanent interest. This may be a cliche but this captures the reality of American politics and any other politics in the world. The loyalty of the voters will remain in one candidate or political party so long as these candidates and political parties continue to listen to them and protect their interest. If the candidate or political party gets tired of taking care of his voters and stops protecting their interest by prioritizing his own interest, the voters will start looking for other alternatives. The voters will continue to check the programs of the government of every political party or candidate. The same thing happened with the Republican Party when they lost the support and loyalty of the African Americans. The same thing might happen to the Democrats if they get tired of protecting the interest of the African Americans. The statistics prove that political support and allegiance is like a pendulum which could swing in another direction in such a short time. In a study conducted by the National Opinion Poll, they found out that 63% of African American adults identified themselves as Democrats compared to 74% in 2000. Also, in 2000, only 4% of African-Americans identified themselves as Republicans, but 10% did in 2002. (Cliff Hocker, 2003) However, I believe that the Democrats will in the near future continue to get the support of the African Americans. Firstly, it continues to fight for the interest of African Americans and to promote equality for all races. Secondly, the African Americans themselves have witnessed that under the leadership of the Democratic Party, it has helped in the emergence of a black middle class and in the significant reduction in the economic and health gaps between the white and the black. Both the Democrats and the Republicans may talk about equality but it is only the Democrats who in practice have truly valued equality. Consider the forty-threeAfrican Americans who are members of Congress. (Donna Brazile) They are also Democrats. The only African Woman in Senate is also a Democrat. (Matt Lardie) Further, the Democrats have shown that they are willing to place African Americans in leadership positions not only within the party but within the government itself. It is predicted that once the Democrats regained the majority in the House of Representatives, an African American will chair the Judiciary Committee which will oversee the judicial branch of government and will handle the criminal and civil proceedings, constitutions, enforcement of laws, and warrantless arrests and searches. This could help end the violations of the civil rights and liberties of their fellow African American which continues to happen until now. If Democrats will get the majority in the House of Representative, it is also possible that an African American will lead the House Ways and Means Committee which has control over medicare, unemployment, benefits, welfare, foster care, and adoption. These important political positions will help change the lives of most African Americans. Indeed, it is only the Democratic Party who truly espoused the ideals of democracy, equality, and respect for human rights. They helped gave the African Americans a voice in shaping the course of our nation. With these, then there is no reason to change allegiance in the near future. References: Brazile, Donna. 2006. What is the Real Political Party for Black America? Ebony. Retrieved January 17, 2007 Democratic Party. Retrieved January 17, 2007 from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States) Hocker, Cliff. (2003) A shift from the left: study shows blacks drifting from Democratic Party - Washington Report. Black Enterprise. Retrieved January 17, 2007 Lardie, Matt. Why the Democratic Party has the Mess I Love. The Pendulum Online. Retrieved January 17, 2007 Pennington, Sue. African Americans and the Democratic Party. Retrieved January 17, 2007 Republican Party Retrieved January 17, 2007